Face recognition, or facial recognition, is one of the largest areas of research within computer vision. We can now use face recognition to unlock our mobile phones, verify identification at security gates, and in some countries, make purchases. With the ability to make numerous processes more efficient, many companies invest into the research and development of facial recognition technology. This article will highlight some of that research and introduce five machine learning papers on face recognition.
Essential Machine Learning Papers on Face Recognition
1. A Dataset and Benchmark for Large-scale Multi-modal Face Anti-spoofing
With a multitude of real-world applications, face recognition technology is becoming more and more prominent. From smartphone unlocking to face verification payment methods, facial recognition could improve security and surveillance in many ways. However, the technology also poses several risks. Numerous face spoofing methods could be used to fool these systems. Therefore, face anti-spoofing is essential to prevent security breaches.
In order to support face anti-spoofing research, the authors of this paper introduce a multi-modal face anti-spoofing dataset named CASIASURF. As of the writing of this paper, it is the largest open dataset for face anti-spoofing. Specifically, the dataset includes 21,000 videos taken of 1,000 subjects in RGB, Depth, and IR modalities. In addition to the dataset, the authors present a novel multi-modal fusion model as a baseline for face anti-spoofing.
Published / Last Updated – April 1st, 2019
Authors and Contributors – Shifeng Zhang (NLPR, CASIA, UCAS, China) , Xiaobo Wang (JD AI Research), Ajian Liu (MUST, Macau, China), Chenxu Zhao (JD AI Research), Jun Wan (NLPR, CASIA, UCAS, China), Sergio Escalera (University of Barcelona), Hailin Shi (JD AI Research), Zezheng Wang (JD Finance), Stan Z. Li (NLPR, CASIA, UCAS, China).
2. FaceNet: A Unified Embedding for Face Recognition and Clustering
In this paper, the authors present a face recognition system called FaceNet. This system uses a deep convolutional neural network which optimizes the embedding, rather than using an intermediate bottleneck layer. The authors state that the most important aspect of this method is the end-to-end learning of the system.
The team trained the convolutional neural network on a CPU cluster for 1,000 to 2,000 hours. They then evaluated their method on four datasets. Notably, FaceNet attained an accuracy of 99.63% on the famous Labeled Faces in the Wild (LFW) dataset, and 95.12% on the Youtube Faces Database.
Published / Last Updated – June 17th, 2015
Authors and Contributors – Florian Schroff, Dmitry Kalenichenko, and James Philbin, from Google Inc.
3. Probabilistic Face Embeddings
As of the writing of this article, current embedding methods used for face recognition are able to achieve high performance in controlled settings. These methods work by taking an image of a face and storing data about that face in a latent semantic space. However, when tested in fully uncontrolled settings, the current methods cannot perform as well. This is due to instances where facial features are absent from or ambiguous in the image. An example of such a case would be face recognition in surveillance videos, where the quality of the video may be low.
To help address this issue, the authors of this paper propose Probabilistic Face Embeddings (PFEs). The authors propose a method for converting existing deterministic embeddings into PFEs. Most importantly, the authors state that this method effectively improves performance in face recognition models.
Published / Last Updated – August 7th, 2019
Authors and Contributors – Yichun Shi and Anil K. Jain, from Michigan State University.
4. The Devil of Face Recognition is in the Noise
In this study, researchers from SenseTime Research, the University of California San Diego, and Nanyang Technological University studied the effects of noise in large-scale face image datasets. Many large datasets are prone to label noise, due to their scale and cost-effective nature. With this paper, the authors aim to provide knowledge around the source of label noise and the consequences it has in face recognition models. Additionally, they aim to build and release a clean face recognition dataset titled IMDb-Face.
Two of the main goals of the study were to discover the effects of noise on final performance, and determine the best strategy to annotate face identities. To do so, the team manually cleaned two popular open face image datasets, MegaFace and MS-Celeb-1M. Their experiments showed that a model trained on just 32% of their cleaned MegaFace dataset and 20% of the cleaned MS-Celeb-1M dataset achieved similar performance to models trained on the entirety of the original uncleaned datasets.
Published / Last Updated – July 31st, 2018
Authors and Contributors – Fei Wang (SenseTime), Liren Chen (University of California San Diego), Cheng Li (SenseTime), Shiyao Huang (SenseTime), Yanjie Chen (SenseTime), Chen Qian (SenseTime), and Chen Change Loy (Nanyang Technological University).
5. VGGFace2: A dataset for recognising faces across pose and age
Numerous studies have been done on deep convolutional neural networks for facial recognition. In turn, numerous large-scale face image datasets have been created to train those models. However, the authors of this paper state that the previously released datasets do not contain much data on pose and age variation in faces.
In this paper, researchers from the University of Oxford introduce the VGGFace2 dataset. This dataset includes images which have a wide range of age, ethnicity, illumination, and pose variations. In total, the dataset contains 3.31 million images and 9,131 subjects.
Published / Last Updated – May 13th, 2018
Authors and Contributors – Qiong Cao, Li Shen, Weidi Xie, Omkar M. Parkhi, and Andrew Zisserman, from the Visual Geometry Group at the University of Oxford.
Hopefully, the machine learning papers on face recognition above helped strengthen your understanding of the work being done in the field.
New studies in face recognition are done every year. To keep up with the latest machine learning papers and other AI news, please subscribe to our newsletter. For more reading on facial recognition, please see the related resources below.
Original post: https://www.kdnuggets.com/2020/05/5-machine-learning-papers-face-recognition.html
I really like what you guys are up too. This kind of clever work
and exposure! Keep up the superb works guys I’ve added you guys to my personal blogroll.
I am truly happy to glance at this blog posts which contains tons of valuable information, thanks for providing such statistics.
Hey there! I’m at work surfing around your blog from
my new iphone! Just wanted to say I love reading your blog and look forward to all your posts!
Keep up the fantastic work!
I relish, result in I discovered exactly what I used to be
looking for. You have ended my four day long hunt!
God Bless you man. Have a nice day. Bye
Post writing is also a fun, if you be familiar with after that
you can write otherwise it is complex to write.
Hey I know this is off topic but I was wondering if you knew of any widgets
I could add to my blog that automatically tweet my newest twitter updates.
I’ve been looking for a plug-in like this for quite some time and was hoping
maybe you would have some experience with something like this.
Please let me know if you run into anything. I truly
enjoy reading your blog and I look forward to your new updates.
Howdy! This post could not be written any better! Reading this post reminds me of my old
room mate! He always kept chatting about this.
I will forward this page to him. Fairly certain he will have a good read.
Many thanks for sharing!
Great post.
I could not resist commenting. Very well written!
I’m the owner of JustCBD company (justcbdstore.com) and I am currently aiming to expand my wholesale side of company. I am hoping anybody at targetdomain can help me ! I thought that the most suitable way to do this would be to reach out to vape companies and cbd stores. I was really hoping if anyone could recommend a qualified web-site where I can get Vape Shop Business Marketing Data I am already taking a look at creativebeartech.com, theeliquidboutique.co.uk and wowitloveithaveit.com. On the fence which one would be the most suitable selection and would appreciate any guidance on this. Or would it be easier for me to scrape my own leads? Suggestions?
I am the owner of JustCBD Store label (justcbdstore.com) and I’m presently looking to broaden my wholesale side of business. It would be great if someone at targetdomain give me some advice . I thought that the most suitable way to do this would be to connect to vape shops and cbd retailers. I was hoping if anybody could recommend a reliable site where I can get CBD Shops Business Contact List I am already examining creativebeartech.com, theeliquidboutique.co.uk and wowitloveithaveit.com. On the fence which one would be the most suitable choice and would appreciate any advice on this. Or would it be much simpler for me to scrape my own leads? Ideas?
Incredible story there. What occurred after? Take care!
Keep on working, great job!
I’m not that much of a online reader to be honest but your blogs really nice, keep it up!
I’ll go ahead and bookmark your site to come back down the road.
Cheers
Hello, There’s no doubt that your site could be having web browser compatibility problems.
When I look at your site in Safari, it looks fine however, if opening in Internet Explorer,
it’s got some overlapping issues. I merely wanted to give you a quick heads up!
Apart from that, wonderful site!
I always used to read post in news papers
but now as I am a user of internet thus from now I am
using net for posts, thanks to web.
Excellent article. I will be dealing with some of these issues as well..
I seriously love your site.. Very nice colors & theme. Did you develop this web site yourself? Please reply back as I’m planning to create my own website and would like to know where you got this from or just what the theme is called. Many thanks!
Oh my goodness! Amazing article dude! Thank you, However I am encountering troubles with your RSS. I don’t understand the reason why I am unable to join it. Is there anybody else getting identical RSS problems? Anyone that knows the answer will you kindly respond? Thanks!!
Currently it appears like Expression Engine is the top blogging platform out there right now.
(from what I’ve read) Is that what you are using on your
blog? adreamoftrains web hosting services
Your style is unique compared to other folks I’ve read stuff from. I appreciate you for posting when you’ve got the opportunity, Guess I will just book mark this page.
You ought to be a part of a contest for one of the most useful websites on the web. I am going to highly recommend this blog!
When I originally left a comment I appear to have clicked the -Notify me when new comments are added- checkbox and from now on every time a comment is added I get four emails with the same comment. Is there a means you are able to remove me from that service? Many thanks!
When I initially left a comment I appear to have clicked the -Notify me when new comments are added- checkbox and now every time a comment is added I get four emails with the same comment. Perhaps there is a means you are able to remove me from that service? Thanks!
This page really has all of the info I wanted concerning this subject and didn’t know who to ask.
hello!,I love your writing so so much! share we communicate extra about your post on AOL?
I need a specialist in this area to solve my problem.
Maybe that is you! Having a look ahead to peer you.
Spot on with this write-up, I absolutely feel this amazing site needs a great deal
more attention. I’ll probably be returning to
see more, thanks for the advice!
Hello I am so happy I found your webpage, I really found you by mistake, while I was researching on Google for something else, Anyhow I am
here now and would just like to say cheers for a incredible
post and a all round enjoyable blog (I also love the theme/design), I
don’t have time to read it all at the minute but I have book-marked it and also added
your RSS feeds, so when I have time I will
be back to read a lot more, Please do keep up the fantastic work.
You actually make it seem so easy with your
presentation but I find this topic to be actually something that I think I would never understand.
It seems too complex and very broad for me. I’m looking forward for your next post, I’ll try
to get the hang of it!
Oh my goodness! Incredible article dude! Many thanks, However I am having problems with your RSS. I don’t understand why I can’t subscribe to it. Is there anybody else having the same RSS problems? Anybody who knows the answer can you kindly respond? Thanx!!
This blog was… how do I say it? Relevant!! Finally I have found something that helped me. Thanks!
Hello, I believe your web site could be having browser compatibility issues. Whenever I look at your web site in Safari, it looks fine however, when opening in IE, it has some overlapping issues. I simply wanted to give you a quick heads up! Besides that, wonderful site!
I’m extremely pleased to discover this great site. I need to to thank you for your time for this fantastic read!! I definitely really liked every little bit of it and i also have you saved as a favorite to look at new stuff on your web site.
I really like it when folks get together and share views. Great blog, continue the good work!
This is a topic that is near to my heart… Thank you! Exactly where are your contact details though?
Achieving your fitness goal does not have to require a certified personal trainer or an expensive gym membership, it’s not hard to exercise at home. It is easy to go down a training and fitness rabbit hole, however, when you are looking for the best home exercise equipment to outfit your personal home gym.
Hello this is kinda of off topic but I was wanting to know if blogs use WYSIWYG editors or if
you have to manually code with HTML. I’m starting a blog soon but have no coding know-how so I wanted to get advice from
someone with experience. Any help would be greatly appreciated!
2CSYEon cheap flights
Hello mates, its wonderful paragraph regarding tutoringand completely explained, keep it
up all the time. y2yxvvfw cheap flights
You should take part in a contest for one of the greatest websites online. I am going to recommend this web site!
I really love your website.. Excellent colors & theme. Did you create this site yourself? Please reply back as I’m wanting to create my own website and would love to learn where you got this from or what the theme is called. Kudos!
Everyone loves what you guys are usually up too.
Such clever work and reporting! Keep up the great works guys I’ve
included you guys to my personal blogroll. cheap flights yynxznuh
You are so interesting! I don’t believe I’ve read through a single thing like this before. So nice to discover another person with a few genuine thoughts on this subject matter. Seriously.. thanks for starting this up. This web site is one thing that is required on the internet, someone with a bit of originality!
Hello there! I just would like to offer you a big thumbs up for your great information you have here on this post. I’ll be returning to your web site for more soon.
This is a topic which is near to my heart… Take care! Exactly where are your contact details though?
Remarkable issues here. I’m very glad to look your post.
Thank you so much and I am looking ahead to
touch you. Will you please drop me a e-mail?
The very next time I read a blog, Hopefully it doesn’t disappoint me as much as this particular one. After all, Yes, it was my choice to read through, however I genuinely thought you would have something helpful to talk about. All I hear is a bunch of complaining about something that you can fix if you weren’t too busy looking for attention.
I was able to find good information from your blog posts.
Way cool! Some very valid points! I appreciate you penning this write-up plus the rest of the site is really good.
I would like to thank you for the efforts you have put in penning this blog. I really hope to view the same high-grade blog posts by you later on as well. In truth, your creative writing abilities has motivated me to get my very own blog now 😉
May I simply just say what a relief to uncover someone who genuinely understands what they’re talking about on the net. You actually realize how to bring a problem to light and make it important. More people ought to look at this and understand this side of your story. I was surprised that you’re not more popular since you most certainly possess the gift.
Great information. Lucky me I discovered your site by accident (stumbleupon). I’ve saved it for later!
I really like reading a post that will make men and women think. Also, thanks for permitting me to comment!
Howdy! This article couldn’t be written much better! Going through this article reminds me of my previous roommate! He always kept talking about this. I am going to send this information to him. Pretty sure he’ll have a great read. Thank you for sharing!
I was able to find good info from your blog articles.
I blog frequently and I really appreciate your information. This article has really peaked my interest. I’m going to book mark your site and keep checking for new details about once a week. I subscribed to your Feed too.
Good article. I definitely appreciate this site. Stick with it!
I absolutely love your website.. Great colors & theme. Did you develop this website yourself? Please reply back as I’m hoping to create my own personal site and would love to learn where you got this from or just what the theme is called. Many thanks!
There is certainly a lot to know about this subject. I like all of the points you have made.
After checking out a number of the articles on your blog, I seriously appreciate your technique of blogging. I bookmarked it to my bookmark website list and will be checking back soon. Please visit my website as well and tell me your opinion.
This page really has all of the information and facts I needed concerning this subject and didn’t know who to ask.
https://www.docdroid.net/MfqujKZ/indications-for-use-converted-pdf
Everyone loves it when individuals come together and share ideas. Great website, stick with it!
I blog often and I genuinely appreciate your information. The article has really peaked my interest. I will take a note of your website and keep checking for new details about once per week. I opted in for your RSS feed as well.
Good post. I learn something new and challenging on blogs I stumbleupon on a daily basis. It will always be helpful to read through articles from other authors and use something from other websites.
Thanks-a-mundo for the article post.Much thanks again. Awesome.
Best View i have ever seen !