New research presented virtually at the Cognitive Neuroscience Society (CNS) annual meeting shows how data-driven computational methods are being used to explain the most basic human trait – emotions. Investigators believe their findings will overturn old ideas about the structure of emotions across humanity.
Scientists are applying computing power to understand everything from how we generate spontaneous emotions during mind-wandering to how we decode facial expressions across cultures.
Investigators believe the findings are important in characterizing how emotions contribute to well-being, the neurobiology of psychiatric disorders, and even how to make more effective social robots.
“Artificial intelligence (AI) enables scientists to study emotions in ways that were previously thought to be impossible, which is leading to discoveries that transform how we think emotions are generated from biological signals,” said Dr. Kevin LaBar of Duke University.
Six core human emotions — fear, anger, disgust, sadness, happiness and surprise — have been considered as universal in human psychology for decades. Yet despite the societal prevalence of this idea, experts contend the scientific consensus actually shows that these emotions are far from universal.
In particular, there is a significant gap in facial recognition of these emotions across cultures in particular for people from East Asia, said Dr. Rachael Jack, a researcher at the University of Glasgow.
Jack has been working to understand what she calls the “language of the face;” how individual face movements combine in different ways to create meaningful facial expressions (like how letters combine to create words).
“I think of this a bit like trying to crack hieroglyphics or an unknown ancient language,” Jack said. “We know so much about spoken and written language, even hundreds of ancient languages, but we have comparatively little formal knowledge of the non-verbal communication systems we use every day and which are so critical to all human societies.”
In new work, Jack and her team have created a novel data-driven method to create dynamic models of these face movements, like a recipe book of facial expressions of emotions. Her team is now transferring these models to digital agents, such as social robots and virtual humans, so that they can generate facial expressions that are socially nuanced and culturally sensitive.
From their research they have created a novel face movement generator which can randomly select a subset of individual face movements, such as eyebrow raiser, nose wrinkler, or lip stretcher, and randomly activate the intensity and timing of each.
These randomly activated face movements then combine to create a facial animation. Study participants from different cultures then categorize the facial animation according to the six classic emotions, or they can select “other” if they do not perceive any of these emotions.
After many such trials, the researchers build a statistical relationship between the face movements presented on each trial and the participants’ responses, which produces a mathematical model.
“In contrast to traditional theory-driven approaches where experimenters took a hypothesized set of facial expressions and showed them to participants across the world, we have added a psychophysical approach,” Jack said.
“It is more data-driven and more agnostic in sampling and testing facial expressions and, critically, uses the subjective perceptions of cultural participants to understand what face movements drive their perception of a given emotion, for example, ‘he is happy.’”
These studies have condensed the six commonly thought of universal facial expressions of emotions to only four cross-cultural expressions. “There are substantial cultural differences in facial expressions that can hinder cross-cultural communication,” Jack said. “We often, but not always, find that East Asian facial expressions have more expressive eyes than Western facial expressions, which tend to have more expressive mouths — just like Eastern versus Western emoticons!”
She adds that there are also cultural commonalities that can be used to support accurate cross-cultural communication of specific messages; for example, facial expressions of happy, interested, and bored are similar across Eastern and Western cultures and can be recognized across cultures easily.
Jack and her team are now using their models to enhance the social signaling capabilities of robots and other digital agents that can be used globally. “We’re very excited to transfer our facial expression models to a range of digital agents and to see the dramatic improvement in performance,” she says.
Understanding how the subjective experience of emotion is mediated in the brain is the holy grail of affective neuroscience, said LaBar of Duke. “It is a hard problem, and there has been little progress to date.” In his lab, LaBar and colleagues are working to understand the emotions that emerge while the brain is mind-wandering at rest.
“Whether triggered by internal thoughts or memories, these ‘stream-of-consciousness’ emotions are the targets of rumination and worry that can lead to prolonged mood states, and can bias memory and decision-making,” he said.
Until recently, researchers have been unable to decode these emotions from resting-state signals of brain function. Now, LaBar’s team has been able to apply machine learning tools to derive neuroimaging markers of a small set of emotions like fear, anger, and surprise. Moreover, the researchers have modeled how these emotions spontaneously emerge in the brain while subjects are resting in an MRI scanner.
The core of the work has been training a machine learning algorithm to differentiate patterns of brain activity that separate emotions from one another. The researchers present a pattern classifier algorithm with a training data set from a group of participants who were presented with music and movie clips that induced specific emotions.
Using feedback, the algorithm learns to weigh the inputs coming from different regions of the brain to optimize the signaling of each emotion. The researchers then test how well the classifier can predict the elicited emotions in a new sample of participants using the set of brain weights it generated from the test sample.
“Once the emotion-specific brain patterns are validated across subjects in this way, we look for evidence that these patterns emerge spontaneously in participants who are merely lying at rest in the scanner,” Labar said.
“We can then determine whether the pattern classifier accurately predicts the emotions that people spontaneously report in the scanner, and identify individual differences.”
Source: Cognitive Neuroscience Society/EurekAlert
Original post: https://psychcentral.com/news/2020/05/07/research-uses-artificial-intelligence-to-measure-human-emotions/156281.html
First off I want to say fantastic blog! I had a quick
question in which I’d like to ask if you don’t mind.
I was interested to know how you center yourself and clear your thoughts prior to writing.
I’ve had a hard time clearing my mind in getting my thoughts out.
I do take pleasure in writing but it just seems like the
first 10 to 15 minutes are wasted just trying to figure out how to begin. Any ideas or tips?
Thank you!
I am the co-founder of JustCBD label (justcbdstore.com) and am aiming to expand my wholesale side of company. It would be great if anybody at targetdomain give me some advice 🙂 I considered that the best way to do this would be to connect to vape stores and cbd stores. I was really hoping if anybody at all could suggest a reputable website where I can purchase CBD Shops B2B Marketing List I am currently checking out creativebeartech.com, theeliquidboutique.co.uk and wowitloveithaveit.com. Not exactly sure which one would be the most ideal selection and would appreciate any advice on this. Or would it be easier for me to scrape my own leads? Ideas?
I’m the owner of JustCBD Store company (justcbdstore.com) and I am currently seeking to expand my wholesale side of business. I really hope that anybody at targetdomain give me some advice 🙂 I thought that the most ideal way to accomplish this would be to connect to vape stores and cbd stores. I was hoping if anybody at all could recommend a reputable web site where I can get Global Hemp and CBD Shops Database with Contact Details I am presently checking out creativebeartech.com, theeliquidboutique.co.uk and wowitloveithaveit.com. Not exactly sure which one would be the most suitable solution and would appreciate any assistance on this. Or would it be much simpler for me to scrape my own leads? Ideas?
I couldn’t resist commenting. Very well written!
Way cool! Some very valid points! I appreciate you penning this article plus the rest of the site is really good.
After I originally commented I seem to have clicked the -Notify me when new comments are added- checkbox and now whenever a comment is added I get four emails with the same comment. Perhaps there is an easy method you can remove me from that service? Thank you!
An intriguing discussion is definitely worth comment. I believe that you should write more on this subject, it may not be a taboo subject but usually folks don’t speak about such issues. To the next! All the best!!
A fascinating discussion is worth comment. I believe that you should write more about this issue, it may not be a taboo subject but generally people do not talk about these issues. To the next! Many thanks!!
I was able to find good info from your blog posts.
Hi, There’s no doubt that your site could possibly be having browser compatibility problems. When I take a look at your blog in Safari, it looks fine however, if opening in IE, it’s got some overlapping issues. I merely wanted to provide you with a quick heads up! Other than that, fantastic site!
Pretty! This has been an extremely wonderful post. Many thanks for providing these details.
Hello! I just would like to offer you a huge thumbs up for your excellent information you have got right here on this post. I’ll be coming back to your website for more soon.
Excellent web site you have here.. It’s difficult to find excellent writing like yours nowadays. I really appreciate individuals like you! Take care!!
I have to thank you for the efforts you’ve put in writing this website. I really hope to check out the same high-grade blog posts from you later on as well. In truth, your creative writing abilities has encouraged me to get my own site now 😉
Spot on with this write-up, I honestly feel this web site needs far more attention. I’ll probably be returning to see more, thanks for the info!
Way cool! Some very valid points! I appreciate you penning this article and also the rest of the website is really good.
Pretty! This has been a really wonderful post. Thank you for supplying this information.
I want to to thank you for this fantastic read!! I absolutely loved every little bit of it. I have got you book-marked to look at new stuff you post…
You are so cool! I do not think I have read anything like this before. So good to discover someone with some genuine thoughts on this topic. Really.. thank you for starting this up. This web site is something that is needed on the web, someone with a bit of originality!
I like reading an article that will make men and women think. Also, thank you for allowing for me to comment!
Saved as a favorite, I love your website!
Very nice post. I certainly love this site. Continue the good work!
An interesting discussion is definitely worth comment. There’s no doubt that that you ought to write more on this subject, it might not be a taboo subject but generally folks don’t talk about these issues. To the next! All the best!!
This excellent website certainly has all of the info I wanted concerning this subject and didn’t know who to ask.
Hello there! This post could not be written any better! Looking at this article reminds me of my previous roommate! He constantly kept preaching about this. I will send this information to him. Pretty sure he will have a great read. I appreciate you for sharing!
I blog often and I genuinely appreciate your content. This great article has really peaked my interest. I’m going to bookmark your website and keep checking for new details about once a week. I opted in for your Feed as well.
This is a topic that’s near to my heart… Thank you! Where are your contact details though?
Oh my goodness! Impressive article dude! Thank you so much, However I am experiencing problems with your RSS. I don’t understand why I cannot subscribe to it. Is there anyone else having similar RSS problems? Anybody who knows the solution can you kindly respond? Thanx!!
Very good article. I’m experiencing many of these issues as well..
I really like reading a post that will make people think. Also, thanks for allowing for me to comment!
This site truly has all of the information and facts I wanted concerning this subject and didn’t know who to ask.
This blog was… how do I say it? Relevant!! Finally I have found something that helped me. Thanks a lot!
You’ve made some good points there. I looked on the net for additional information about the issue and found most individuals will go along with your views on this site.
bookmarked!!, I really like your web site!
Great information. Lucky me I found your blog by chance (stumbleupon). I have book marked it for later!
Asking questions are really good thing if you are not understanding something entirely, except this
piece of writing offers nice understanding even. adreamoftrains best web hosting 2020
A motivating discussion is definitely worth comment. I think that you should publish more about this subject, it may not be a taboo matter but typically people do not discuss these issues. To the next! Cheers!!
I’d like to thank you for the efforts you’ve put in penning this website. I’m hoping to see the same high-grade blog posts by you in the future as well. In truth, your creative writing abilities has inspired me to get my very own website now 😉
Everything is very open with a precise explanation of the issues. It was definitely informative. Your website is very helpful. Thanks for sharing!
This is a topic that is near to my heart… Many thanks! Where are your contact details though?
Hi, I do believe this is a great blog. I stumbledupon it 😉 I am going to return yet again since I book marked it. Money and freedom is the greatest way to change, may you be rich and continue to help others.
Wonderful article! We are linking to this particularly great article on our website. Keep up the great writing.
Your style is very unique in comparison to other people I have read stuff from. Many thanks for posting when you have the opportunity, Guess I will just book mark this page.
I wanted to thank you for this excellent read!! I definitely enjoyed every little bit of it. I have you saved as a favorite to check out new things you post…
Hello! I could have sworn I’ve been to this site before but after looking at some of the articles I realized it’s new to me. Anyways, I’m definitely delighted I came across it and I’ll be bookmarking it and checking back often!
I wanted to thank you for this fantastic read!! I certainly enjoyed every bit of it. I’ve got you book marked to check out new things you post…
Hi, I do think this is a great site. I stumbledupon it 😉 I will return yet again since i have bookmarked it. Money and freedom is the greatest way to change, may you be rich and continue to guide other people.
Everything is very open with a clear explanation of the challenges. It was truly informative. Your site is extremely helpful. Many thanks for sharing!
This site was… how do you say it? Relevant!! Finally I’ve found something that helped me. Thanks a lot!
Very nice write-up. I definitely love this site. Stick with it!
Very good article. I’m dealing with some of these issues as well..
Way cool! Some very valid points! I appreciate you writing this write-up and also the rest of the website is also really good.
Howdy! I simply would like to give you a big thumbs up for your excellent info you have right here on this post. I’ll be returning to your website for more soon.
You need to be a part of a contest for one of the greatest blogs online. I am going to recommend this web site!
I have to thank you for the efforts you’ve put in penning this site. I really hope to see the same high-grade blog posts by you later on as well. In truth, your creative writing abilities has inspired me to get my own, personal blog now 😉
Aw, this was an extremely nice post. Spending some time and actual effort to create a superb article… but what can I say… I put things off a lot and never manage to get nearly anything done.
Next time I read a blog, Hopefully it does not fail me just as much as this one. After all, Yes, it was my choice to read, however I genuinely believed you would probably have something helpful to talk about. All I hear is a bunch of moaning about something you could fix if you were not too busy searching for attention.
Hi, I do believe this is a great site. I stumbledupon it 😉 I’m going to return once again since i have book marked it. Money and freedom is the best way to change, may you be rich and continue to guide others.
I enjoy what you guys are up too. This sort of clever work and coverage! Keep up the very good works guys I’ve you guys to my own blogroll.|
Can I just say what a comfort to discover somebody who really understands what they are discussing over the internet. You certainly know how to bring an issue to light and make it important. More people have to look at this and understand this side of the story. I was surprised that you’re not more popular since you definitely have the gift.
Very good article! We will be linking to this particularly great post on our website. Keep up the great writing.
Good site you have got here.. It’s hard to find good quality writing like yours these days. I honestly appreciate individuals like you! Take care!!
May I simply say what a relief to discover someone who truly knows what they’re talking about on the web. You certainly know how to bring an issue to light and make it important. More and more people ought to read this and understand this side of your story. I was surprised you aren’t more popular since you surely possess the gift.
I enjoy reading through an article that can make people think. Also, many thanks for allowing me to comment!
Hi there! I simply want to offer you a big thumbs up for your excellent information you’ve got here on this post. I’ll be coming back to your web site for more soon.
Hello there! This post couldn’t be written much better! Going through this post reminds me of my previous roommate! He continually kept talking about this. I’ll forward this post to him. Fairly certain he will have a very good read. Thanks for sharing!
There is certainly a lot to know about this subject. I like all the points you made.
Achieving your fitness goals doesn’t need a certified personal trainer or an expensive gym memberships, especially if you have the budget and the space to consider practically every workout machine on the market.
After checking out a number of the blog articles on your site, I truly appreciate your way of blogging. I book-marked it to my bookmark site list and will be checking back soon. Take a look at my web site as well and tell me how you feel.
Howdy! This post could not be written much better! Looking at this article reminds me of my previous roommate! He continually kept talking about this. I most certainly will send this information to him. Pretty sure he will have a good read. Many thanks for sharing!
There’s certainly a great deal to find out about this subject. I like all of the points you have made.
I am sure this post has touched all the internet visitors, its really really nice post on building up new webpage.|
Excellent post! We will be linking to this particularly great content on our website. Keep up the great writing.
Howdy! This article could not be written any better! Going through this article reminds me of my previous roommate! He always kept talking about this. I’ll send this information to him. Pretty sure he’s going to have a good read. Thank you for sharing!
I’d like to thank you for the efforts you have put in penning this blog. I really hope to see the same high-grade blog posts by you in the future as well. In truth, your creative writing abilities has encouraged me to get my own, personal website now 😉
I’m amazed, I must say. Seldom do I encounter a blog that’s equally educative and engaging, and let me tell you, you’ve hit the nail on the head. The problem is something which too few men and women are speaking intelligently about. Now i’m very happy I found this during my hunt for something concerning this.
I was able to find good advice from your blog articles.
Way cool! Some extremely valid points! I appreciate you penning this post plus the rest of the site is also really good.
I’m very pleased to uncover this page. I wanted to thank you for ones time just for this fantastic read!! I definitely enjoyed every bit of it and I have you book marked to look at new things on your site.
I’m impressed, I must say. Rarely do I come across a blog that’s both equally educative and engaging, and without a doubt, you’ve hit the nail on the head. The issue is an issue that not enough men and women are speaking intelligently about. Now i’m very happy I found this during my hunt for something relating to this.
Good article! We are linking to this great content on our website. Keep up the great writing.
After I originally left a comment I appear to have clicked on the -Notify me when new comments are added- checkbox and from now on every time a comment is added I get 4 emails with the exact same comment. There has to be a means you are able to remove me from that service? Appreciate it!
I like it when folks come together and share opinions. Great website, keep it up!
I was able to find good information from your content.
That is a very good tip especially to those fresh to the blogosphere. Simple but very precise info… Appreciate your sharing this one. A must read article!
Next time I read a blog, Hopefully it does not disappoint me as much as this one. After all, I know it was my choice to read through, but I really thought you would have something useful to talk about. All I hear is a bunch of whining about something you could possibly fix if you weren’t too busy seeking attention.
Good post. I definitely love this site. Continue the good work!
You’re so cool! I don’t think I’ve truly read through something like that before. So good to discover someone with some genuine thoughts on this subject matter. Really.. many thanks for starting this up. This site is something that’s needed on the internet, someone with a little originality!
Hi, I do believe your site may be having web browser compatibility problems. When I take a look at your website in Safari, it looks fine but when opening in Internet Explorer, it’s got some overlapping issues. I simply wanted to give you a quick heads up! Apart from that, excellent website!
This page definitely has all of the information and facts I needed concerning this subject and didn’t know who to ask.
The next time I read a blog, I hope that it does not fail me as much as this particular one. After all, I know it was my choice to read through, but I really believed you would probably have something interesting to talk about. All I hear is a bunch of complaining about something you could possibly fix if you weren’t too busy seeking attention.